The Aristotelian conditional syllogistic logic behind the Fisherian p-value is widely misunderstood which leads to fallacious logical inferences. The p-value resembles a Kantian paralogism, i.e., it appears objective and logically valid even though it is not. The p-value is an irrational social ritual (cf. Gigerenzer, 2004). Social conformity, obedience to authority, groupthink, and other aspects of Social Identity Theory (SIT) play an important role in this context.
Given the well-documented paralogisms associated with classical Fisherian null hypothesis significance testing (cf. Cohen, 1994) I advocate alternative inferential research methods. For the statistical analyses of the experimental data I collected during my PhD I utilised Bayesian bootstrapping, Bayes Factor analysis, and Bayesian parameter estimation via Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations (in addition to classical NHST).
“Few researchers are aware that their own heroes rejected what they practice routinely. Awareness of the origins of the ritual and of its rejection could cause a virulent cognitive dissonance, in addition to dissonance with editors, reviewers, and dear colleagues. Suppression of conflicts and contradicting information is in the very nature of this social ritual.”
(Gerd Gigerenzer, 2004, p. 592; Director Emeritus of the Center for Adaptive Behavior and Cognition at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development, inter alia)
Statistical Research Methods workshop at the University of Plymouth in 2014:
The pitfalls of hypothesis testing
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The “Psilocybin-Telomere Hypothesis”: An empirically falsifiable prediction concerning the beneficial neuropsychopharmacological effects of psilocybin on genetic aging
The primary objective of prep is to provide an estimate of replicability (based on the empirical data) which does not involve Bayesian assumptions with regards to a priori distributions of θ. The submission guidelines of the APA flagship journal 'Psychological Science' for some time explicitly encouraged authors to “use prep rather than p-values” in the results section of their articles. This factoid is documented in the internet archive, a digital library which provides a mnemonic online system containing the history of the web, a “digital time machine” (Rackley, 2009; Rogers, 2017). However, this official statistical recommendation by Psychological Science has now been retracted (but the internet never forgets…).
The URL of the relevant internet archive entry is as follows:
It is argued that the Möbius band provides a readily communicable conceptual visual metaphor for dual-aspect Monism à la Pauli-Jung. The Pauli-Jung conjecture is particularly relevant in the context of modern neuroscience as most contemporary neuroscientists stipulate prima facie that the brain produces consciousness. However, this perspective is not conclusively supported by empirical evidence. the monistic dual-aspect perspective provides a parsimonious & elegant solution for the mind-body problem and the hard problem of consciousness (viz., the production problem). The symbolism of the Möbius band is particularly interesting from an embodied and grounded cognition perspective. Specifically, Lakoff’s “conceptual metaphor theory” provides (...)
Khecarī Mudrā (Sanskrit, खेचरी मुद्रा) is an ancient hatha yoga practice performed by placing the tongue above the soft palate and into the nasal cavity. For this purpose the tongue is elongated by gradually cutting through the lingual frenulum, thereby sytematically stretching the tongue on a daily basis for several months. It would be interesting to investigate its effects on unconscious subvocalisations (e.g., via electromyography/EMG) recordings) in the context of the biological evolution of language modules in relation to cognition and consciousness (viz., and specifically its verbal component - the "phonological loop"). Interestingly, a link between subvocalization and schizophrenic hallucinations has been hypothesised.
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Specific eye exercises (e.g., Trataka) can counteract the effects of prolonged screen-gazing (viz., ocular fixation). This is particularly useful for programmers but also for those who use their mobile phones on a regular basis. In fact, optometrists have observed that there is a significant increase in shortsightedness (myopia) due to prolonged screen exposure.
This is know as the "near work" hypothesis (a correlative hypothesis, i.e., correlation is unequal to causation). The "visual stimuli" hypothesis is concptualy related and asserts that...
Website under construction...
fLux and melatonin
trataka https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-sightedness
Pan, CW; Ramamurthy, D; Saw, SM (January 2012). "Worldwide prevalence and risk factors for myopia". Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics. (...)
Results of Bayesian analyses can be utilised for future research in the sense of Dennis Lindley’s motto: “Today's posterior is tomorrow's prior” (Lindley, 1972), or as Richard Feynman put it “Yesterday's sensation is today's calibration” to which Valentine Telegdi added“...and tomorrow's background”.
At the conceptual meta level, the primary difference between the frequentists and the Bayesian account is that the former treats data as random and parameters as fixed and the latter regards data as fixed and unknown parameters as random.
A Bayes Factor can range from 0 to ∞ and a value of 1 denotes equivalent support for both competing hypotheses. Moreover, LogBF10 can be expressed as a logarithm (...)
In order to make software easily citable, a "citation file format" *.CITATION.cff should be included in the root of the repository.
cff-version: 1.0.3
message: If you use this software, please cite it as below.
authors:
- family-names: Germann
given-names: Christopher, Benjamin
orcid: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1573-4651
title: Psychology Meta Search Tool
version: 1.0.2
URL: https://christopher-germann.de/psychology-meta-search-tool-v1-02/
date-released: 2012-07-16
In R the citation of a given package can be extracted as follows (using BibTeX for LaTex).
citation('ggplot2')
#To cite ggplot2 in publications, please use:
#H. Wickham. ggplot2: elegant graphics for data analysis. Springer New York, 2009.
#A BibTeX entry for LaTeX users is
The “Psilocybin-Telomere Hypothesis”: An empirically falsifiable prediction concerning the beneficial neuropsychopharmacological effects of psilocybin on genetic aging
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