Arthur Schopenhauer, born on February 22, 1788, was a German philosopher renowned for his influential work in the 19th century. He is known for his profound philosophy, which posited that human existence is characterized by suffering and that the pursuit of desire leads to perpetual dissatisfaction. Schopenhauer's major work, "The World as Will and Representation," presented his ideas on the primacy of the will in shaping human experience. Despite being initially overlooked, his philosophy gained recognition later in the 19th century, influencing thinkers such as Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud. Schopenhauer passed away on September 21, 1860, leaving behind a lasting legacy in the history of philosophy. Schopenhauer's philosophical outlook was deeply influenced by Indian philosophy, particularly the teachings of the Upanishads and Vedanta. He integrated concepts such as the denial of the will and the importance of ascetic practices into his own philosophy, illustrating a unique fusion of Western and Eastern thought in his work.